Research Paper
Writing is easy. All you do is stare at a blank sheet of paper until drops of blood form on your forehead. --- Gene Fowler
Research paper may refer to:
The completion of thesis however requires also the input of original work and author’s findings in the field of chosen topic. Sometimes it is also accepted that the author simply provides constructive critical analysis of existing theories or viewpoints without necessarily offering any new ones.
In short academic requirements for a thesis, especially the demand of originality, are much higher than for a research paper.
Typically, research papers will involve the examination of a particular issue, and discuss:
- Academic paper (also called scholarly paper), which is published in academic journals and contains original research results or reviews existing results
- Term paper, written by high school or college students
- Thesis or dissertation, a document submitted in support of a candidature for a degree or professional qualification, presenting the author's research and findings
THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN A RESEARCH PAPER AND A THESIS
A research paper is usually been written as a part of a subject and does commonly not account as a separate subject or module and thus does not require an individual supervisor.The completion of thesis however requires also the input of original work and author’s findings in the field of chosen topic. Sometimes it is also accepted that the author simply provides constructive critical analysis of existing theories or viewpoints without necessarily offering any new ones.
In short academic requirements for a thesis, especially the demand of originality, are much higher than for a research paper.
How To Write A Research Paper
What is a research paper?
The terms 'research paper' and 'term paper' are frequently used interchangeably. However, the terms do not mean the same thing. 'Term paper' was used in the past exclusively to refer to the project (indeed research based) that was due at the end of a term, semester or quarter whereas 'research paper' had a more specific meaning, i.e. a paper written as a summary of research. Hence 'research papers' may be written at any level (before, during and after attending university), they may be published works in a professional journal and they may represent the results of practical research, which would not ordinarily be conducted for a term paper.Typically, research papers will involve the examination of a particular issue, and discuss:
- The background or history of that issue
- Any outstanding questions relating to the issue (the research paper will commonly focus on one particular question and seek to establish evidence to answer this)
- The current data and statistics relating to the issue
- The problems relating to the issue as revealed by the data
- The problems relating to the issue as revealed by practical primary research (i.e. carrying out interviews, tests etc) or secondary research (i.e. looking at other people's research)
- Proposed solutions to the problems, and the strengths and weaknesses of these
- Conclusions drawn from the data, research and evidence, as examined
- Recommendations in relation to these conclusions.
Forming a title for your research paper
Unlike most types of assignment, the research paper title is usually decided upon AFTER you have completed the paper.A research paper will commonly have a title of 15-20 words in length.
Example concise research paper titles:
- Unemployment by Constituency
- Transport in New York
Example subtitles (relating to the above example titles):
- 2007-2008 trends using constituency maps
- Transport governance and provision since X was elected in 1999
Researching/gathering information for your research paper
MUST reference all material that are used in paper.
So the first thing to do is find out what referencing style is required (either by your university or, if you are writing a research paper for a journal, by that journal) and start to record the location of your sources using that referencing style. If you do this as you perform the research, you'll save yourself hours of time later on.
Research TipsW
Plagiarism Eradication System
The software tool, iThenticate and Turnitin are amongst the leading software used globally for Plagiarism Eradication purposes.
Turnitin is an Internet-based plagiarism-prevention service created by iParadigms, LLC.
Turnitin is an Internet-based plagiarism-prevention service created by iParadigms, LLC.
Function
Turnitin checks for potential unoriginal content by comparing submitted papers to several databases using a proprietary algorithm. It scans its own databases, and also has licensing agreements with large academic proprietary databases.This web based service is available at http://www.turnitin.comand 1000 licenses for each of the universities/ institutes have been acquired and handed over to teaching faculty, post graduate students and researchers in order to address the issue at the grass root level
In order to get benefit from HEC Plagiarism Prevention Service, online service is available at
http://www.turnitin.com%c2%a0.hec/ .
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SPSS
Statistical Package for the Social Sciences
SPSS is a computer program used for survey authoring and deployment (IBM SPSS Data Collection), data mining (IBM SPSS Modeler), text analytics, statistical analysis, and collaboration and deployment (batch and automated scoring services).
| Developer(s) | IBM Corporation |
|---|---|
| Initial release | 1968 |
| Stable release | 20.0 August 16, 2011 |
| Operating system | Windows, zLinux, Linux / UNIX & Mac |
| Platform | Java |
| Type | Statistical analysis, Data Mining, Text Analytics, Data Collection, Collaboration & Deployment |
| License | Proprietary software |
| Website | www-01.ibm.com/software/analytics/spss |
SPSS Tutorial - Harward University
Download
Intro to SPSS -youtube
Steve Jobs tells us a secret
Sample Size Calculator
You can use it to determine how many people you need to interview in order to get results that reflect the target population as precisely as needed. You can also find the level of precision you have in an existing sample.
Before using the sample size calculator, there are two terms that you need to know.
These are: confidence interval and confidence level.
Calculator
CFA Publications
1. Price / Earning Ratio and Financial Analysis (CFA Institute)
2. Financial Ratios for Non-profits
3. Interst Rates Forecasting
4. Trend Analysis of KSE
5. Dynamics of Exchange Rates and Stock Prices
Journal
More scholarly than magazines, journals print articles on academic subjects and are often by professional groups or institutions.
A periodical on a specialized topic. Journals are often published by a professional association, society, foundation, or institute. ...
The official record of the proceedings of the House and Senate
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